Crowd Density Estimation of Scenic Spots Based on Multifeature Ensemble Learning

Table 2

Comparison between multifeature combinations.

Combination method	MAE	MRE (%)
ULBP + GIST	0.92	15.6
ULBP GIST EL	0.85	14.4
ULBP + D-SIFT	0.82	13.9
GIST + D-SIFT	0.81	13.7
ULBP + D-SIFT + GIST	0.78	13.2
ULBP D-SIFT EL	0.78	13.2
GIST D-SIFT EL	0.72	12.2
D-SIFT ULBP GIST EL	0.64	10.8

Note 1. “+” indicates cascading combination, others for EL. Note 2. Bold indicates the best performance.