Hybrid Natural and Forced Active Balancing Control of Battery Packs State of Charge Based on Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles

Table 1

Duty cycle rate of equalization circuit.

Switch	Duty cycle
	EC(1)	EC(2)	…	EC(i)	…	EC()
SH	n − 1	n − 2	…	n − i	…	1
SL	1	2	…	i	…	n − 1