Fault Detection and Identification for Nonlinear Process Based on Inertia-Based KEPCA and a New Combined Monitoring Index

Table 3

Fault detection rate (%) using different indices.

Fault ID	NCI	Unified index	KPCA-KDE
1	99.63	99.63	99.75
2	98.50	98.50	98.63
3	4.24	0.62	1.75
4	96.13	93.26	99.88
5	30.09	24.47	26.88
6	99.88	99.88	99.88
7	99.88	99.88	99.88
8	97.75	97.25	98.00
9	4.74	0.50	2.25
10	57.68	43.57	53.50
11	71.29	61.17	79.88
12	98.88	98.75	97.63
13	95.38	95.26	95.63
14	99.88	99.88	99.75
15	11.74	1.62	2.88
16	48.31	25.34	44.62
17	93.13	89.26	93.50
18	89.89	89.39	—
19	13.73	2.50	13.50
20	60.42	44.94	57.75
21	46.32	40.07	—