Determination of Aluminium and Physicochemical Parameters in the Palm Oil Estates Water Supply at Johor, Malaysia

Table 4

The mean values and standard deviation for physicochemical parameters by estates and water sample categories.

(a) Mean ± standard deviation for the raw water samples in private water supply

Physicochemical parameters; (NSDWQ acceptable value)	Estates with private water supply
	Raw water
	PP/BP	PL	BK	TL	SB	USB
pH (5.5–9.0)	5.94±0.51	3.62±0.19	4.90±0.40	5.65±0.41	4.77±0.13	4.12±0.47
TDS (1500 mg/L)	19.30±4.47	42.60±24.72	20.40±4.28	26.00±10.51	25.4±3.48	27.30±12.59
Turbidity (1000 NTU)	22.57±13.54	2.62±1.40	28.30±28.26	13.83±6.70	3.81±4.00	10.03±9.34
Residual chlorine (NA)	No residual chlorine analysis was done for raw water samples

(b) Mean ± standard deviation for the drinking water samples in private water supply

Physicochemical parameters; (NSDWQ acceptable value)	Estates with private water supply
	Drinking water
	PP/BP	PL	BK	TL	SB	USB
pH (6.5–9.0)	5.53±0.31	6.85±0.31	5.48±0.85	5.60±0.71	5.37±0.69	5.47±0.32
TDS (1000 mg/L)	21.00±2.85	89.20±24.15	36.40±15.94	37.5±16.85	37.50±6.40	46.50±12.14
Turbidity (5 NTU)	19.05±17.57	1.32±1.02	18.65±17.57	10.70±6.84	8.09±5.31	5.48±5.30
Residual chlorine; (not less than 0.2 mg/L)	0.07±0.06	0.04±0.03	0.04±0.03	0.03±0.02	0.04±0.08	0.02±0.04

(c) Mean ± standard deviation for the drinking water samples in public water supply

Physicochemical parameters; (NSDWQ acceptable value)	Estates with public water supply
	Drinking water
	TT	NH	REM	SP
pH (6.5–9.0)	8.29±0.34	8.65±0.42	7.84±0.45	7.06±0.18
TDS (1000 mg/L)	54.20±5.05	54.25±4.48	50.91±2.45	27.2±2.54
Turbidity (5 NTU)	0.49±0.24	0.70±0.32	0.55±0.39	1.00±0.21
Residual chlorine (not less than 0.2 mg/L)	0.13±0.05	0.16±0.07	0.14±0.05	0.60±0.21