Alcohol Marketing, Drunkenness, and Problem Drinking among Zambian Youth: Findings from the 2004 Global School-Based Student Health Survey

Table 1

Variable name, description, and prevalence of factors examined in study.

Variablen	Variable description	𝑁=2257 Wtd.%
Current alcohol use	Students who had at least one drink containing alcohol on one or more days during the past 30 days	42.6%
Problem drinking	Students who ever had a hang-over, felt sick, got into trouble with family or friends, missed school, or got into fights, as a result of drinking alcohol	45.1%
Drunkenness	Students who drank so much alcohol that they were really drunk	42.4%
Bullying victimization	Students who were bullied on one or more days in the past 30 days	63.1%
Sadness	Students who felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for two weeks or more in a row that they stopped doing their usual activities during the past 12 months	53.3%
No friends	Students who have no close friends	15.7%
Missed school	Students who missed classes or school without permission on one or more days during the past 30 days	58.5%
No parental monitoring	Students whose parents or guardians really knew what they were doing with their free time in the past 30 days	35.2%
Illicit drug use	Students who used drugs during their life1	36.7%
Alcohol marketing
Actors	Students who watched actors drinking alcohol on television, videos, or movies	24.4%
Billboards	Students who have seen a few or a lot of advertisements for alcohol on billboards in the past 30 days	33.4%
Provided free alcohol	Students who were ever offered a free drink of alcohol by an alcohol company representative	30.0%
Alcohol education
Danger of alcohol	Students who were taught in classes the dangers of alcohol use	40.9%
Refuse alcohol	Students who were taught in classes to tell someone they did not want to drink alcohol	44.5%

¹The types of drugs included in the question were “daga” (cannabis).