Journal of Environmental and Public Health

Research Article

Human Impairment from Living near Confined Animal (Hog) Feeding Operations

Table 1

25 people near hog lagoons compared to 22 distant exposed and to 58 Tennessee unexposed (compared as means of percent predicted values, by analysis of variance, ANOVA).
Percent predictedA: distant exposed 22
mean ±sd		B: near exposed 25
mean ± sd		A versus B 𝑃 valueC: unexposed TN 58
mean ± sd		B versus C 𝑃 value (Holm p)A versus C 𝑃 value (Holm p)
Age (years) 5 6 . 6 ± 1 6 . 0 5 0 . 4 ± 1 6 . 8 .284 5 6 . 8 ± 1 8 . 1 .0001.977
Educational level (years) 1 2 . 1 ± 1 . 7 1 3 . 0 ± 2 . 2 .195 1 2 . 1 ± 1 . 2 .817.236
Simple reaction time 1 0 0 . 9 ± 4 . 2 1 0 1 . 3 ± 3 . 4 .757 1 0 3 . 1 ± 5 . 3 .017*
.24+		.228
Choice reaction time 1 0 1 . 2 ± 3 . 0 1 0 1 . 5 ± 2 . 9 .824 1 0 3 . 3 ± 4 . 0 .0005*
.01+		.113
Balance sway speed
 Eyes open 1 0 4 . 6 ± 2 . 6 1 3 6 . 4 ± 2 9 . 5 .0014* 1 0 6 . 9 ± 3 4 . 4 .0002*
.004+		.831
 Eyes closed 1 0 9 . 7 ± 2 6 . 7 1 4 9 . 3 ± 4 3 . 5 .003 9 5 . 1 ± 2 4 . 5 .0016*
.03+		.147
Blink reflex latency R-1
 Right 9 0 . 4 ± 7 . 3 1 0 1 . 2 ± 1 3 . 0 .010 9 6 . 6 ± 1 5 . 4 .745.473
 Left 9 1 . 8 ± 1 0 . 3 9 2 . 7 ± 1 2 . 5 .861 1 0 5 . 2 ± 1 6 . 7 .963.019*
Color discrimination errors
 Right 6 3 . 9 ± 4 7 . 0 4 2 . 3 ± 3 9 . 2 .173 6 6 . 7 ± 5 2 . 5 .0002*
.004+		.883+
 Left 5 6 . 2 ± 3 5 . 5 4 8 . 8 ± 4 1 . 8 .583 4 4 . 3 ± 3 8 . 3 .0001*
.0027+		.394
Visual field performance
 Right 1 2 1 . 7 ± 1 4 . 8 1 1 0 . 1 ± 1 4 . 5 .033 1 1 9 . 9 ± 8 . 0 .0001*
.003+		.0001*
.0028+
 Left 1 2 2 . 9 ± 2 1 . 3 1 1 0 . 6 ± 1 4 . 2 .070 1 2 4 . 1 ± 1 0 . 6 .0001*
.0032+		.0001*
.003+
Grip strength
 Right 1 0 5 . 7 ± 1 7 . 8 9 9 . 0 ± 1 8 . 9 .264 9 3 . 7 ± 1 4 . 5 .733.040*
 Left 1 0 2 . 1 ± 1 7 . 2 9 5 . 4 ± 2 2 . 1 .336 9 0 . 9 ± 1 2 . 4 .784.070
Cognition
 Culture fair 1 0 7 . 1 ± 2 7 . 9 1 0 1 . 4 ± 1 5 . 9 .493 9 7 . 6 ± 2 3 . 2 .842.348
 Digit symbol 1 0 1 . 3 ± 1 2 . 6 8 8 . 2 ± 2 0 . 5 .030*
.60+		 9 1 . 4 ± 1 8 . 0 .0001*
.0024+		.089
 Vocabulary 8 9 . 9 ± 3 4 . 9 6 6 . 5 ± 2 7 . 2 .046 7 2 . 5 ± 3 4 . 1 .002*
.03+		.197
Verbal recall
 Immediate 8 4 . 8 ± 2 7 . 5 7 8 . 5 ± 2 3 . 3 .488 7 5 . 3 ± 1 7 . 4 .0008*
.015+		.309
 Delayed 5 7 . 9 ± 3 3 . 5 6 5 . 1 ± 3 5 . 1 .555 3 8 . 9 ± 2 9 . 5 .0001*
.0023+		.131
 Pegboard 1 1 7 . 7 ± 2 0 . 3 1 0 2 . 2 ± 2 3 . 2 .050 1 0 8 . 9 ± 1 5 . 3 .769.221
 Trails A 9 9 . 9 ± 7 . 0 1 0 1 . 4 ± 5 . 6 .512 1 0 6 . 5 ± 1 0 . 0 .149.044
 Trails B 1 0 0 . 5 ± 7 . 9 1 0 3 . 7 ± 7 . 6 .238 9 6 . 3 ± 1 6 . 8 .423.372
 FTNWE right 9 4 . 4 ± 8 . 5 9 8 . 6 ± 7 . 4 .151 9 7 . 1 ± 8 . 4 .249.395
 FTNWE left 9 6 . 5 ± 8 . 9 1 0 2 . 6 ± 8 . 1 .054 9 9 . 6 ± 1 2 . 3 .442.428
 Information 9 8 . 4 ± 3 9 . 5 8 5 . 4 ± 3 1 . 9 .318 9 4 . 3 ± 3 6 . 4 .403.780
 Picture Completion 6 9 . 7 ± 3 6 . 1 6 9 . 7 ± 4 2 . 4 .998 5 8 . 8 ± 4 0 . 4 .0009*
.016+		.450
 Similarities 1 0 2 . 6 ± 3 0 . 5 8 6 . 5 ± 4 1 . 5 .209 9 5 . 3 ± 4 7 . 5 .650.608
Total Abnormalities 2 . 5 ± 2 . 3 4 . 3 ± 3 . 0 .011 2 . 3 ± 2 . 1 .001.879
*: 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 .
+: 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 after Holm’s correction for multiple inference [38].