Research Article

Study of Heavy Metal Levels among Farmers of Muda Agricultural Development Authority, Malaysia

Table 2

Comparison of means ± standard deviations of cadmium, lead, and arsenic (μg/g) levels in nail samples from references with similar studies from other countries.

ReferencesMean concentration (mean ± SD)
Cadmium (Cd)Plumbum (Pb)Arsenic (As)

Present study 0 . 8 7 4 ± 0 . 7 4 6 6 . 6 1 1 ± 5 . 1 7 0 7 . 8 0 1 ± 3 . 1 8 4
[13] 2 . 5 0 ± 1 . 7 0 9 . 2 ± 1 . 5 ND
[14] 1 . 3 5 ± 0 . 8 5 4 . 8 2 ± 2 . 6 1 ND
[5] 0 . 3 2 ± 0 . 0 9 1 0 . 9 9 ± 2 . 0 4 7 . 2 4 ± 1 . 2 8

ND : not detected.