Employment Precariousness and Poor Mental Health: Evidence from Spain on a New Social Determinant of Health
Table 1
Sample characteristics. Waged and salaried women and men, Spain 2004-05.
Women
Men
Total
2709 (47.7%)
2970 (52.3%)
Age group
16–24 years
273 (10.1%)
253 (8.5%)
25–34 years
963 (35.5%)
848 (28.6%)
35–44 years
875 (32.3%)
973 (32.8%)
45–54 years
463 (17.1%)
667 (22.5%)
55–65 years
135 (5.0%)
229 (7.7%)
Immigrant status
Spanish
2555 (94.3%)
2762 (93.0%)
Immigrant
154 (5.7%)
208 (7.0%)
Educational attainment
Primary or less
776 (28.6%)
1109 (37.3%)
Secondary
780 (28.8%)
850 (28.6%)
Trade school
433 (16.0%)
452 (15.2%)
University
720 (26.6%)
559 (18.8%)
Occupational classa
SC I + II
493 (18.2%)
487 (16.4%)
SC III
722 (26.7%)
581 (19.6%)
SC IV + V
1494 (55.1%)
1902 (64.0%)
Unemployment preceding year
No
2468 (91.1%)
2793 (94.0%)
Yes
241 (8.9%)
177 (6.0%)
Quintiles of employment precariousness
0.00–0.61
524 (19.3%)
745 (25.1%)
0.62–0.85
551 (20.3%)
686 (23.1%)
0.86–1.12
568 (21.0%)
635 (21.4%)
1.13–1.55
578 (21.3%)
523 (17.6%)
1.56–4.0
488 (18.0%)
381 (12.8%)
I + II: higher and lower managerial and professional; SC III: administrative personnel and supervisors; SC IV + V: skilled, semiskilled, and unskilled manual.
