Patterns of Exposure to Multiple Metals and Associations with Neurodevelopment of Preschool Children from Montevideo, Uruguay

Table 1

Participant characteristics.

Characteristic		M ± SD or %	Range
Child characteristics
Age (months)	95	29.1 ± 8.3	13–42
Sex (female)	94	47.9
Child lives with both parents	72	76.6
Blood lead (µg/dL)	78	5.8 ± 2.9	2.4–15.5
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	87	12.2 ± 1.6	7.7–16.1
Hair arsenic (µg/g)	86	0.2 ± 1.0	0.01–9.6
Hair cadmium (µg/g)	86	0.2 ± 0.2	0.01–0.9
Hair manganese (µg/g)	86	1.0 ± 1.4	0.2–11.9
BAYLEY cognitive score (raw)	71	62.4 ± 10.7	33–79
Maternal characteristics
Age (years)	92	28.3 ± 7.1	16–43
Education (years)	92	8.9 ± 3.2	1–19
IQ score	74	81.3 ± 14.6	29–121
Depressive symptom score	86	15.5 ± 10.8	0–52
19		31.4%
Employed outside home	90	43.3%
Family/household characteristics
Parents separated/divorced	94	21.3%
Socioeconomic status score	93	6.1 ± 2.4	0–11
Occupant density	91	1.9 ± 1.3	0.6–7
HOME Inventory score	85	8.9 ± 2.4	0–14