Outdoor Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Diseases in Lebanon: A Case-Control Study

Table 2

Subject’s exposure to active and passive smoking and CVD.

Variable	Controls; = 219 (%)	Cases; = 121 (%)	OR (95% CI)
Cigarette smoking status
Nonsmokers	137 (63.1)	57 (47.1)
Current smokers	80 (36.9)	64 (52.9)	1.92 (1.22–3.01)
Passive cigarette smoking at home
No	106 (51.2)	37 (30.8)
Yes	101 (48.8)	83 (69.2)	2.35 (1.46–3.78)
Passive cigarette smoking at work
No	21 (32.3)	15 (33.3)
Yes	44 (67.7)	30 (66.7)	0.95 (0.42–2.14)
Water pipe smoking status
Nonsmoker	170 (78.0)	100 (82.6)
Current smoker	48 (22.0)	21 (17.4)	0.74 (0.42–1.31)

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.