Riverbed Sediments as Reservoirs of Multiple Vibrio cholerae Virulence-Associated Genes: A Potential Trigger for Cholera Outbreaks in Developing Countries

Table 2

Distribution of V. cholerae virulence genes in the sediments and water column of the Apies River.

Sample type	Number of positive samples per gene (%)
	ompW	ctx	tcpA	zot	toxR	hlyA	tcpI	stn/sto
Sediment ()	37 (61.7)	0 (0)	11 (18.3)	0 (0)	13 (21.7)	19 (31.7)	13 (21.7)	0 (0)
Water ()	31 (51.7)	0 (0)	12 (20.0)	2 (3.3)	8 (13.3)	30 (50.0)	9 (15.0)	0 (0)
Total ( )	68	0	23	2	21	49	22	0

Only the El Tor variant of the gene was investigated in this study.