Research Article
Prevalence of Anaemia among the Elderly in Malaysia and Its Associated Factors: Does Ethnicity Matter?
Table 1
Sociodemographic profiles of the respondents 4 major ethnicities in Malaysia.
| | Variables | Overall () | Malay (,429) | Chinese () | Indian () | Others () | | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) |
| | Age Mean (SD) | 68.56 (7.11) | 68.30 (6.89) | 69.17 (7.39) | 68.80 (7.50) | 68.82 (7.65) | | Gender | | | | | | | Male | 1773 (48.97) | 1115 (47.55) | 401 (51.96) | 98 (44.00) | 159 (48.63) | | Female | 2021 (51.03) | 1314 (52.45) | 417 (48.04) | 134 (56.00) | 156 (51.37) | | Level of Education | | | | | | | No Formal Education | 799 (21.39) | 432 (18.60) | 150 (15.85) | 48 (16.35) | 169 (56.66) | | Primary | 1959 (47.59) | 1364 (51.29) | 403 (49.54) | 92 (39.11) | 100 (29.05) | | Secondary and higher | 1025 (31.02) | 627 (30.11) | 261 (34.62) | 91 (44.54) | 46 (14.29) | | Marital Status | | | | | | | Married | 2558 (68.26) | 1641 (67.30) | 557 (70.03) | 136 (63.77) | 224 (69.56) | | Currently Not Married | 1234 (31.74) | 787 (32.70) | 260 (29.97) | 96 (36.23) | 91 (30.44) | | Household Income | | | | | | | Q1 (RM0–RM300) | 1224 (31.01) | 773 (28.13) | 259 (32.13) | 61 (25.60) | 131 (44.24) | | Q2 (RM301–RM1100) | 879 (20.84) | 628 (25.44) | 143 (15.29) | 44 (17.27) | 64 (20.59) | | Q3 (RM1101–RM2009) | 674 (16.66) | 460 (18.99) | 116 (15.32) | 50 (13.89) | 48 (12.05) | | Q4 (RM2010–RM4000) | 505 (14.70) | 293 (13.69) | 135 (16.42) | 30 (11.70) | 47 (15.49) | | Q5 (RM4001–RM205690) | 512 (16.79) | 275 (13.75) | 165 (20.84) | 47 (31.55) | 25 (7.63) | | Strata | | | | | | | Urban | 1850 (71.99) | 922 (59.53) | 655 (93.78) | 176 (94.84) | 97 (40.99) | | Rural | 1944 (28.01) | 1507 (40.47) | 163 (6.22) | 56 (5.16) | 218 (59.01) | | Hospitalization | | | | | | | Yes | 402 (11.15) | 270 (12.84) | 69 (9.10) | 22 (8.51) | 41 (11.93) | | No | 3388 (88.85) | 2158 (87.16) | 747 (90.90) | 210 (91.49) | 273 (88.07) | | Out Patient Attendance | | | | | | | Yes | 504 (13.38) | 317 (13.71) | 95 (11.06) | 30 (13.24) | 62 (19.88) | | No | 3286 (86.62) | 2111 (86.29) | 721 (88.94) | 202 (86.76) | 252 (80.12) | | Diabetes Mellitus | | | | | | | Yes | 1463 (38.05) | 963 (40.88) | 274 (34.00) | 136 (56.02) | 90 (26.99) | | No | 2327 (61.95) | 1465 (59.12) | 541 (66.00) | 96 (43.98) | 225 (73.01) |
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