Tobacco Smoking and Use of Smokeless Tobacco and Their Association with Psychological Distress and Other Factors in a Rural District in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 1

Sociodemographic characteristics of the study sample, by gender.

	Number	Female, N = 1238 (51%)	Male, N = 1187 (49%)	p
		Number (%)	Number (%)
Age, in years				<0.001
18–39	670	400 (32.3)	270 (22.7)
40–59	608	269 (21.7)	339 (28.6)
60–69	883	464 (37.5)	419 (35.3)
70+	264	105 (8.5)	159 (13.4)
Education level				<0.001
No education	671	382 (30.9)	289 (24.3)
Primary	946	492 (39.7)	454 (38.2)
Secondary or higher education	808	364 (29.4)	444 (37.4)
Marital status				<0.001
Married	1937	878 (71.2)	1059 (89.3)
Widowed	405	333 (27)	72 (6.1)
Unmarried or never married	78	23 (1.9)	55 (4.6)
Occupation				<0.001
House duties	976	959 (77.5)	17 (1.4)
Student	40	23 (1.9)	17 (1.4)
Land owner	217	3 (0.2)	214 (18)
Daily labours	282	10 (0.8)	272 (22.9)
Business	220	2 (0.2)	218 (18.4)
Govt. or nongovt. job	137	13 (1.1)	124 (10.4)
Retired or unable to work	543	226 (18.3)	317 (26.7)
Unemployed	10	2 (0.2)	8 (0.7)
Socioeconomic status				0.65
Insufficient money all the time	367	196 (15.8)	171 (14.4)
Insufficient funds some of the time	781	404 (32.6)	377 (31.8)
Medium (not good or bad)	1037	516 (41.7)	521 (43.9)
Sufficient funds most of the time	240	122 (9.9)	118 (9.9)
Current health problem				0.03
No	1063	516 (41.7)	547 (46.1)
Yes	1362	722 (58.3)	640 (53.9)
Number of health problems				0.006
One or two conditions	763	358 (28.9)	405 (34.1)
3 or more conditions	1662	880 (71.1)	782 (65.9)
Psychological distress				0.19
Normal	1149	567 (45.8)	582 (49.0)
Mild	551	296 (23.9)	255 (21.5)
Moderate	507	254 (20.5)	253 (21.3)
Severe	218	121 (9.8)	97 (8.2)