Socioeconomic Deprivation Status and Air Pollution by PM₁₀ and NO₂: An Assessment at Municipal Level of 11 Years in Italy

Table 5

Linear regression models of dependent variables “annual mean of NO₂” and “annual mean of PM₁₀” in Central Italian regions.

Pollutants	Model for year	Covariates
		% subjects with low level of education		% unemployment		% nonhome ownership		% single-parent family		Overcrowding 100 m^2		Resident population		Foreign citizen		R^2 adj.
		β		β		β		β		β		β		β
The annual mean of NO2	2002	−0.561	0.001	−0.114	0.514	−0.301	0.568	0.283	0.527	0.244	0.172	2.626	0.557	−0.117	0.706	0.293
	2003	−0.515	<0.001	0.092	0.665	−0.394	0.224	0.270	0.444	−0.060	0.682	0.250	0.182	−0.203	0.933	0.248
	2004	−0.092	0.758	0.133	0.306	−0.237	0.556	0.496	<0.001	−0.223	0.227	−0.421	0.886	0.148	0.436	0.230
	2005	−0.146	<0.001	−0.069	0.647	0.003	0.993	0.126	0.680	−0.043	0.804	0.263	0.133	−2.194	0.313	0.197
	2006	−0.310	0.046	−0.065	0.668	−0.113	0.659	0.130	0.637	0.008	0.965	0.267	0.085	−0.723	0.791	0.260
	2007	−0.097	0.511	0.044	0.696	0.014	0.928	0.305	0.004	0.123	0.189	−1.420	0.347	0.225	0.034	0.221
	2008	−0.070	0.671	0.009	0.941	0.101	0.427	0.402	<0.001	0.098	0.308	−1.903	0.290	0.136	0.206	0.155
	2009	−0.182	0.182	0.092	0.321	0.036	0.805	0.474	<0.001	−0.006	0.956	−2.684	0.123	0.147	0.155	0.219
	2010	0.071	0.688	0.046	0.686	0.087	0.492	0.419	<0.001	0.108	0.238	−2.494	0.176	0.158	0.130	0.169
	2011	−0.374	<0.001	0.161	0.076	0.032	0.819	0.203	0.181	−0.014	0.898	−4.119	0.010	4.309	0.007	0.333
	2012	−0.102	0.564	0.187	0.031	0.200	0.105	0.451	<0.001	−0.024	0.816	−4.580	0.010	4.673	0.008	0.346
The annual mean of PM10	2002	−0.591	0.138	0.681	0.021	0.001	0.999	−1.118	0.418	0.001	0.999	0.001	0.999	−0.247	0.374	0.404
	2003	−1.046	0.073	−0.099	0.806	−0.897	0.119	0.049	0.952	0.314	0.272	1.120	0.884	−0.703	0.164	0.100
	2004	−0.438	0.053	0.133	0.852	−0.607	0.302	−0.308	0.591	0.152	0.554	−0.399	0.335	2.456	0.582	0.147
	2005	−0.402	0.079	−0.121	0.611	−0.065	0.928	0.082	0.911	0.570	0.128	1.188	0.902	−0.252	0.386	0.115
	2006	−0.104	0.785	0.129	0.385	0.347	0.079	−0.179	0.711	0.891	<0.001	−0.695	0.008	3.895	0.443	0.406
	2007	−0.096	0.623	−0.088	0.583	0.031	0.864	0.165	0.126	0.261	0.012	1.732	0.428	−0.140	0.344	0.058
	2008	−0.093	0.489	0.013	0.950	0.123	0.409	0.263	0.006	0.106	0.289	0.378	0.880	−0.133	0.322	0.060
	2009	−0.391	<0.001	−0.173	0.092	0.138	0.391	0.218	0.217	0.136	0.249	0.327	0.889	−0.145	0.216	0.103
	2010	−0.359	0.002	−0.161	0.109	0.109	0.512	0.174	0.329	0.158	0.185	−0.194	0.089	−0.068	0.979	0.065
	2011	−0.280	0.003	0.082	0.407	−0.086	0.602	−0.022	0.912	−0.049	0.693	−0.110	0.343	1.849	0.321	0.070
	2012	−0.357	<0.001	0.120	0.245	−0.112	0.497	0.096	0.614	−0.035	0.776	−0.148	0.187	1.782	0.322	0.120

Values whose are given in bold.