|
| Factors identified | Identified problem | Proposed solution |
|
| Illuminance level and spatial partitioning materials | Lighting on the work plane was below the recommended level | Lighting fixture should be mounted at the appropriate height to ensure proper distribution of illuminance |
| Lamp spacing and mounting height against the room index ratio was inconsistent | Lamps and luminaires should be cleaned regularly |
| Uneven distribution of light on the working area and the surrounding was observed | Defected lamps should be replaced |
| Veiling reflection was identified | Room surfaces reflectance should be improved by painting the walls with light colors, e.g., Paint white |
| Light being wasted to the ceiling and other areas which are not the visual target | Ambient task lighting methodology should be adopted to localize and personalize lighting |
| Using lamps luminaries with the reduced light output | Provide lighting fixtures and lamps with more efficient light output, e.g., T5 or LED lighting technology |
| Poor choice of partitioning materials and partitioning style | Lamps should be mounted on the luminaries with excellent light outputs |
| | Use transparent or translucent partitioning materials, e.g., glasses; also, the partitioning should be kept a minimum |
|
| Brightness and contrasts | Luminaries were dully covered with cobwebs and other black spots, and bared lamps or surface mounted lamps were common | Light controllers should be installed to direct light to the required task area |
| Reflecting surfaces such as walls, ceiling, and floors were painted to colors with poor reflective index | Luminaries with more efficient light output should be used |
| | Reflecting surfaces should be painted into more bright colors, e.g., white colors for more reflection of light |
| | Use lamps with good color rendering effect |
|
| Flicker and sound | Lighting in most of the office experienced intensified flicker and produced the annoying sound | Electrical circuits should be revisited, and all possible faults should be rectified |
| Magnetic ballasts were widely used instead of using electronic ballasts | High-frequency control gears should be used, and all lamps near the end of their life should be replaced |
|
| Public awareness | The general public is not well informed about the effects of inadequate lighting on working efficiency and human health | Government and other stakeholders should prepare the education programs to raise awareness |
|
| Policy problems | Absence of local building codes and guiding regulations | Formulate and enact the local lighting design and building construction codes and regulations to guide the construction industry in Tanzania |
|
