| Explanatory variables | Model 0 aPR (95% CI) | Model 1 aPR (95% CI) | Model 2 aPR (95% CI) | Model 3 aPR (95% CI) |
| Sex of the household head | Male | | 1.00 (reference) | | 1.00 (reference) | Female | | 1.02 (1.01, 1.03) | | 1.01 (1.00, 1.03) |
| Age of the household head | 15–34 years | | 1.00 (reference) | | 1.00 (reference) | 35–54 years | | 1.00 (0.99, 1.02) | | 1.01 (0.99, 1.02) | 55 years and above | | 1.00 (0.99, 1.02) | | 1.01 (1.00, 1.03) |
| Education level of the household head | | | | | No education/preschool | | 1.00 (reference) | | 1.00 (reference) | Primary | | 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) | | 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) | Middle/JSS/JHS | | 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) | | 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) | Secondary/SSS/SHS | | 1.05 (1.03, 1.07) | | 1.02 (1.00, 1.04) | Postsecondary | | 1.07 (1.05, 1.10) | | 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) |
| Marital status of the household head | | | | | Never married nor lived together | | 1.00 (reference) | | 1.00 (reference) | Currently married | | 0.99 (0.97, 1.00) | | 1.00 (0.98, 1.01) | Formerly/ever married | | 0.99 (0.98, 1.01) | | 0.99 (0.98, 1.01) |
| Toilet facilities | Unimproved | | | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | Improved | | | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) |
| Place of residence | Rural | | | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | Urban | | | 1.10 (1.05, 1.16) | 1.10 (1.04, 1.15) |
| Household size | 7 members and above | | | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 4–6 members | | | 1.00 (0.98, 1.02) | 1.00 (0.98, 1.02) | 1–3 members | | | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.03) |
| Household wealth index | Poorest | | | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | Poor | | | 1.06 (1.02, 1.11) | 1.06 (1.02, 1.10) | Middle | | | 1.16 (1.11, 1.22) | 1.16 (1.10, 1.21) | Richer | | | 1.19 (1.13, 1.24) | 1.18 (1.12, 1.23) | Richest | | | 1.19 (1.14, 1.25) | 1.18 (1.13, 1.24) | Intercept (community) | 0.88 (0.86, 0.90) | 0.85 (0.82, 0.88) | 0.77 (0.70, 0.79) | 0.73 (0.68, 0.78) |
| Random effects | Observations | 11829 | 11829 | 11829 | 11829 | Second-level units (community) | 427 | 427 | 427 | 427 | ICC | 0.88 | 0.81 | 0.76 | 0.76 | QIC | 194101.25 | 195298.46 | 195294.11 | 195111.03 | QICu | 194072.76 | 195277.41 | 195240.20 | 195065.67 |
|
|