Research Article
Household Willingness-to-Pay for Improved Solid Waste Management Services in Four Major Metropolitan Cities in Ghana
Table 3
Willingness-to-pay for waste management services.
| | Variables | Total () (%) | Takoradi () (%) | Tamale () (%) | Accra () (%) | Kumasi () (%) |
| | Current financing option for your household waste | | | | | | | User charges | 43.1 | 55.7 | 32.5 | 33.5 | 48.8 | | Through taxes | 5.30 | 4.40 | 4.80 | 3.50 | 7.50 | | Subsidy from assembly | 4.80 | 6.20 | 10.0 | 4.30 | 1.80 | | Government grants | 4.50 | 2.60 | 3.00 | 0.80 | 9.50 | | Self-payments | 42.3 | 31.1 | 49.8 | 57.9 | 32.5 | | Current financing option effective | 76.2 | 61.9 | 68.9 | 74.7 | 89.6 | | Current financing option have effect on the service delivery | 69.6 | 61.0 | 74.7 | 55.0 | 84.7 | | Worth paying for the services of waste collection/management | 82.0 | 77.8 | 78.8 | 89.7 | 78.9 | | Method of pay for existing services | | | | | | | Revenue collector | 64.2 | 74.9 | 75.1 | 81.9 | 27.6 | | Pay point outlet | 24.5 | 15.5 | 17.2 | 9.60 | 53.6 | | Walk to service provider’s office | 10.2 | 7.30 | 7.70 | 7.00 | 18.1 | | Through bank | 0.40 | 1.80 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | | Others | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.00 | 1.5.0 | 0.70 | | Satisfied with the mode of payment | 82.7 | 74.1 | 82.8 | 81.6 | 88.7 | | If no, preferred payment model | | | | | | | Add to electricity bill | 29.7 | 8.00 | 75.0 | 26.1 | 6.90 | | Add to water bill | 12.9 | 13.0 | 11.3 | 16.8 | 10.7 | | Add to property rate | 20.9 | 34.0 | 3.2 | 29.4 | 19.8 | | Taxation | 34.8 | 43.0 | 8.1 | 25.2 | 62.6 | | Others | 1.70 | 2.00 | 2.40 | 2.50 | 0.00 | | Consider waste management as a public good | 82.8 | 86.3 | 86.8 | 89.9 | 72.2 | | Who you think should pay for your waste collection | | | | | | | Local government/assembly | 32.7 | 55.3 | 29.1 | 34.8 | 34.4 | | Community | 3.40 | 1.70 | 2.20 | 10.6 | 5.20 | | Taxation | 12.0 | 9.6 | 14.0 | 13.8 | 12.8 | | Self-payment | 51.9 | 32.1 | 53.7 | 40.6 | 45.1 | | Others | 0.00 | 1.30 | 0.90 | 0.20 | 2.40 | | Prepared to pay something towards the treatment and disposal of waste | 62.2 | 57.7 | 56.5 | 67.1 | 64.1 | | If no, whom you think should pay for treatment and disposal | | | | | | | Municipal assembly | 61.2 | 64.2 | 75.7 | 63.2 | 49.0 | | Service provider | 13.7 | 16.8 | 2.8 | 15.8 | 16.5 | | Through tax | 24.1 | 17.9 | 19.4 | 20.0 | 34.6 | | Others (most cited: government) | 0.80 | 1.20 | 2.10 | 1.00 | 0.00 | | Willing to make additional payments for improved quality of services. Motivation to pay extra | 53.7 | 54.5 | 53.1 | 61.7 | 46.6 | | Increase in frequency of lifting | 62.5 | 50.5 | 70.3 | 51.6 | 83.4 | | Adding bin liner | 13.6 | 11.5 | 14.1 | 20.1 | 7.2 | | Effective communication | 11.5 | 20.3 | 12.5 | 8.4 | 7.6 | | Provision of free receptacle | 10.8 | 17.6 | 3.1 | 15.4 | 1.8 | | Others | 1.60 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 4.40 | 0.00 |
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