Assessment of Levels, Speciation, and Toxicity of Trace Metal Contaminants in Selected Shallow Groundwater Sources, Surface Runoff, Wastewater, and Surface Water from Designated Streams in Lake Victoria Basin, Uganda

Table 7

A summary of the percentage of samples of shallow groundwater and associated surface runoff from periurban Kampala above and below the Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality and Ugandan Standards.

Sample site	Protected spring water			Surface runoff
Parameter	EC	NO3^−	Cl^−	EC	Cd^2+	Pb^2+
Springs above Ugandan guidelines	13.5	94.6	—	21.6	2.7	81.1
Springs below Ugandan guidelines	86.5	5.4	—	78.4	97.3	18.9
Springs above Canadian guidelines	—	73	0	—	5.4	97.3
Springs below Canadian guidelines	—	27	100	—	94.6	2.7