|
| No. | Ligands | Background solution | Working electrode | Measurement techniques | LOD (pbb) | Analytical object | Determined form | Time of publication | References |
|
| 1 | DTPA | CH3COONH4, NaNO3 (pH = 5.2) | HMDE | DP-AdSV | 1.2 | Fake template | Total chromium | 1987 | [21] |
| 2 | Diphenylcarbazide | H2SO4 0.1 M | GE | LSV | 0.05 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 1988 | [29] |
| 3 | TTHA | CH3COONa, NaNO3 (pH = 5.5) | HMDE | DP-CSV | 1.04 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 1988 | [29] |
| 4 | TTHA | CH3COONa, NaNO3 (pH = 5.5) | HMDE | SqW-AV | 0.02 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 1988 | [29] |
| 5 | DTPA | KH2PO4, Na2HPO4 (pH = 6–7) | HMDE | DP-CSV | 0.01 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 1990 | [32] |
| 6 | Diphenylcarbazide | H2SO4 0.3 M | HMDE | DP-AdSV | 0.02 | Groundwater | Cr(VI) | 1992 | [23] |
| 7 | DTPA 2.5 mM | Acetate buffer (pH 5.2) | HMDE | SqW-AdSV | 0.05 | Seawater | Cr(VI), total chromium | 1992 | [45] |
| 8 | DTPA 0.01 M | NaNO3 0.5 M, MES (morpholinoethanesulfonic acid) (pH 6.1) | HMDE | DP-AdSV | 0.62 | River water, tap water | Total chromium | 2000 | [28] |
| 9 | DTPA | NaNO3, acetate buffer (pH 5.7) | HMDE | DP-AdSV | Cr(VI): 0.005 activated Cr(III): 0.52 | River water, lake water, sewer water | Cr(VI), activated Cr(III), total chromium | 2001 | [1] |
| 10 | TTHA 0.1 M (triethylenetetraminhexaacetic acid) | NaCH3COO 1 M, NaNO3 5 M (pH 6.2–6.5) | SMDE | SqW-AdSV | 0.52 | Leaf | Cr(VI) | 2003 | [19] |
| 11 | DTPA | Acetate buffer (pH = 6), KNO3 0.25 M | HMDE | DP-AdSV | 0.004 | Wastewater | Cr(VI), total chromium | 2004 | [22] |
| 12 | Rubeanic acid (dithiooxamide) | Acetate buffer (pH 6), KNO3 0.20 M | HMDE | DP-AdSV | 1976 | River water, seawater, sewage, vinegar | Cr(VI) | 2012 | [33] |
| 13 | DTPA | Acetate buffer (pH 6) NaNO3 | HMDE | AdSV | 18.2 | Human urine | Cr(VI) | 2005 | [26] |
| 14 | TTHA 0.2 M | NaCH3COO 0.1 M, NaNO3 5 M (pH 6.2) | HMDE | CV-AdSV | 0.3 | | Cr(VI) | 1997 | [31] |
| 15 | DTPA | NaCH3COO 0.01 M, NaNO3 0.5 M (pH 8.5) | SMDE | | 156.10−5 | River water, tap water | Cr(VI) | 1999 | [35] |
| 16 | DTPA 5 mM | NaCH3COO 0.15 M, NaNO3 0.7 M (pH 6) | HMDE | SqW-AdSV | 0.05 | Cement | Cr(VI) | 2011 | [25] |
| 17 | Pyrogallol red | 0.4 M acetate buffer (pH 4.5) | HMDE | SqW-AdSV | 0.05 | Seawater | Cr(VI), Cr(III), total chromium | 2012 | [34] |
| 18 | DTPA 0.05 M | NaCH3COO 0.2 M (pH 6.2) | HMDE | DP-AdSV | 1.04 | Electroplating waste water | Cr(VI) | 2004 | [27] |
| 19 | Pyrocatechol violet | Acetate buffer | HMDE | DP-AdSV | | | Cr(VI) | 1997 | [24] |
| 20 | HEDTA (N-2-hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine-N,N′,N″-triacetic acid) and PCV (pyrocatechol violet) | 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH 6) KNO3 2M | HMDE | DP-AdSV | | | Cr(III), Cr(VI) | 2002 | [30] |
| 21 | Cupferron 0.01 M | PIPES 0.2 M (pH = 7) | BiFE ex situ | SqW-AdSV | 0.1 | Laboratory water, cigarettes, soil sample | Total chromium | 2004 | [14] |
| 22 | DTPA 5 mM | Acetate 0.1 M (pH = 6.0) | BiFE ex situ | SqW-AdSV | 0.015 | River water | Total chromium | 2005 | [11] |
| 23 | DTPA 5 mM | NaOAc 0.1 M (pH = 6.0) | BiFE ex situ | SqW-AdSV | 0.015 | Blood sample | Total chromium | 2006 | [10] |
| 24 | DTPA 5 mM | Acetate 0.1 M (pH = 6.0) | BiFE ex situ | SqW-AdSV | 0.017 (CrVI); 0.022 (Cr total) | River water | Cr(VI); Cr(III) | 2010 | [16] |
| 25 | PAR (4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol) | CH3COOH–CH3COONa, trisodium citrate | BiFE ex situ | SqW-AdSV | 0.01 | Tap water, lake water, soil sample | Total chromium | 2013 | [17] |
| 26 | DTPA | CH3COONH4, NaNO3 (pH = 5.2) | Bi film wrapped single walled carbon nanotubes | DP-AdSV | 0.12. 10−3 | Fake template | Total chromium | 2013 | [18] |
| 27 | DTPA 0.01 M | 0.1 M acetate buffer (pH = 6.0) | Hg (Ag)FE | DP-AdSV | 0.004 | Natural water, drinking water | Cr(VI) | 2006 | [12] |
| 28 | TTHA | CH3COONa, NaNO3 (pH = 5.5) | Gold film modified carbon composite electrode | DP-CSV | 4.0 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 2014 | [37] |
| 29 | PET (4pyridine-ethanethiol) | NaF 0.15 M (pH = 4.5) | PET/nano-Au/Pt-RD electrode | DP-AdSV | 0.001 | Seawater | Cr(VI) | 2015 | [13] |
| 30 | DTPA | KH2PO4, Na2HPO4 (pH = 6–7) | (Flower-like self-assembly of gold nanoparticles) AuNPs/GCE | DP–CSV | 0.001 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 2012 | [38] |
| 31 | | HCl (pH = 2) | AuNPs/nano-TiC/GCE | DP-AdSV | 2.08 | Seawater | Cr(VI) | 2015 | [15] |
| 32 | | HClO4 0.06 M | AuNPs/SPCE | ASV | 0.002 | Tap water, seawater | Cr(VI) | 2015 | [39] |
| 33 | QH2 (quercetin) | Acetate buffer (pH = 6), KNO3 0.7 M | QH2/MWCNT-SPCE (quercetin/multiwalled carbon nanotubes screen-printed carbon electrode) | DP-AdSV | 15.9 | Drinking water | Cr(VI) | 2013 | [20] |
| 34 | - | Acetate buffer (pH = 5) | μ NPs/GCE | DP-SV | 0.01 | Electroplating waste water | Cr(III) | 2015 | [44] |
| 35 | DTPA 0.1 M | Acetate buffer (pH 6), KNO3 0.25 M | μ NPs/BiFE | DP-AdSV | 0.12. 10−3 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 2011 | [36] |
| 36 | Polyvinyl butyral/SPEs + 4.7% DTPA | H2SO4 (pH 1) | SPEs (screen-printed electrode) | CV-AdSV | 52.0 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 2014 | [42] |
| 37 | 2,5,8,11,14-Pentaaza-15,16,29- phenanthrolinophane (NeoTT) | 1,6-Dichloro-hexane (DCH), LiCl 10 mM, HCl 1 mM | Liquid/liquid interface | SqW-AdSV | 250.0 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 2005 | [40] |
| 38 | | Silver: AgClO4 0.1 mM, briton robinson (pH 2) gold: HAuClO4 0.1 mM, H2SO4 0.5 mM. | Carbon screen- printed electrode (CSPEs) | DPV | Silver: 44.2 gold: 20.8 | Fake template | Cr(VI) | 2008 | [43] |
| 39 | Septonex 10−6M (1-pentadecyltrimethylamonium bromide) | HCl 0.25 M, NaCl 0.1 M (pH < 2) | Carbon paste | DP-CSV | 2.6 | Tea | | 2004 | [41] |
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