Assessing the Increase of Snakebite Incidence in Relationship to Flooding Events

Table 1

Flooding and other associated reasons for increased incidence of snakebite in scientific literature. The percentages of appearance do not add up to 100%, since several causes are mentioned per report.

Topic	Details	References	%
Flooding	Increased snakebite incidence during flooding events	[1–48, 52–62]	86.8
Habitat	Flooded burrows and habitats force snakes to find shelter in higher grounds	[2, 6, 7, 12, 13, 16–22, 24, 26, 27, 30, 36, 37, 40, 41, 44, 45, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 63–66]	45.6
Seasonal peak	Snakebite peaks are linked to the rainy season(s)	[1, 3, 5–7, 9–15, 17, 20, 23, 27–30, 32, 35–37, 40, 43, 44, 47, 55–59, 61, 64, 66–68]	54.4
Agriculture	Agricultural activities increase exposure and take place during the rainy season	[1–4, 6, 9–13, 15, 17, 20, 23, 27, 29, 35–37, 39, 43, 44, 47, 52, 55, 56, 60, 61, 66, 68–74]	52.9
Snake’s prey	The number of several prey species grows during the rainy season (or are also displaced)	[9, 18–20, 24, 29, 30, 39, 41, 43, 44, 52, 56, 70]	20.6
Monsoon	Snakebite peaks are usually linked to the monsoon in Asia	[2–4, 6, 9, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19, 21, 24–26, 29, 30, 32, 34, 36, 39, 41–44, 52–54, 56, 58, 60, 62]	45.6