Prevalence of Underweight and Its Associated Factors among Reproductive Age Group Women in Ethiopia: Analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data

Table 3

Regression analysis of factors associated with underweight among reproductive age group women (N = 2848).

Respondent characteristics	Underweight		Bivariate logistic regression	Multivariate logistic regression	value
	Yes, n (%)	No, n (%)	COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
Respondents age
15–24 years old	173 (34.5)	555 (23.7)	1.69 (1.31, 2.18)	2.00 (1.38, 2.91)	<0.001
25–34 years old	202 (40.2)	1104 (47.1)	0.99 (0.78, 1.26)	1.15 (0.87, 1.53)	0.329
≥35 years old	127 (25.3)	687 (29.3)	1	1
Religion
Orthodox	260 (51.8)	1256 (53.5%)	1	1
Catholic	2 (0.4)	19 (0.8)	0.51 (0.12, 2.21)	0.52 (0.11, 2.36)	0.396
Protestant	104 (20.7)	519 (22.1)	0.97 (0.75, 1.24)	1.04 (0.70, 1.56)	0.818
Muslim	134 (26.7)	540 (23.0)	1.20 (0.95, 1.51)	1.20 (0.83, 1.73)	0.342
Others	2 (0.4)	12 (0.5%)	0.81 (0.18, 3.62)	0.92 (0.20, 4.34)	0.921
Type of contraceptive use
Traditional	8 (1.6)	65 (2.8)	0.57 (0.27, 1.19)	0.85 (0.39, 1.87)	0.690
Modern	494 (98.4)	2281 (97.2)	1	1
Respondent’s region of residence
Tigray	94 (18.7)	236 (10.1)	1.93 (1.20, 3.12)	1.25 (0.72, 2.19)	0.429
Afar	15 (3.0)	55 (2.3)	1.32 (0.65, 2.68)	1.23 (0.59, 2.59)	0.585
Amhara	106 (21.1)	426 (18.2)	1.20 (0.76, 1.92)	0.79 (0.46, 1.38)	0.410
Oromia	75 (14.9)	288 (12.3)	1.26 (0.78, 2.05)	0.72 (0.42, 1.25)	0.240
Somali	5 (1.0)	11 (0.5)	2.21 (0.716.86)	1.94 (0.59, 6.41)	0.276
Benishangul	31 (6.2)	176 (7.5)	0.86 (0.49, 1.50)	0.45 (0.24, 0.85)	0.013
SNNPR	69 (13.7)	411 (17.5)	0.82 (0.50, 1.33)	0.41 (0.22, 0.73)	0.003
Gambella	32 (6.4)	160 (6.8)	0.97 (0.55, 1.70)	0.66 (0.35, 1.23)	0.190
Harari	25 (5.0)	121 (5.2)	1.00 (0.55, 1.82)	0.94 (0.50, 1.75)	0.836
Addis Ababa	23 (4.6)	331 (14.1)	0.34 (0.19, 0.61)	0.50 (0.27, 0.94)	0.032
Dire Dawa	27 (5.4)	131 (5.6)	1	1
Respondent’s area of residence
Urban	109 (21.7)	945 (40.3)	1	1
Rural	393 (78.3)	1401 (59.7)	2.43 (1.94, 3.05)	2.25 (1.57, 3.23)	<0.001
Respondent’s educational status
No education	235 (46.8)	996 (42.5)	1.58 (1.07, 2.33)	1
Primary	173 (34.5)	817 (34.8)	1.42 (0.96, 2.11)	1.03 (0.79, 1.34)	0.821
Secondary	60 (12.0)	305 (13.0)	1.32 (0.84, 2.08)	1.55 (1.02, 2.35)	0.039
Higher	34 (6.8)	228 (9.7)	1	2.26 (1.24, 4.10)	0.007
Husband/partner’s educational status
No education	163 (32.5)	736 (31.4)	1.60 (1.13, 2.26)	1.18 (0.73, 1.92)	0.492
Primary	231 (46.0)	858 (36.6)	1.95 (1.39, 2.72)	1.69 (1.09, 2.63)	0.020
Secondary	60 (12.0)	405 (17.3)	1.07 (0.72, 1.61)	1.11 (0.70, 1.77)	0.663
Higher	48 (9.6%)	347 (14.8)	1	1
Respondent’s occupation
Not employed	235 (46.8)	1008 (43.0)	1.17 (0.96, 1.42)	1.09 (0.88, 1.34)	0.431
Employed	267 (53.2)	1338 (57.0)	1	1
Wealth index
Poor	164 (32.7)	534 (22.8)	1.91 (1.53, 2.39)	1.28 (0.97, 1.70)	0.086
Medium	103 (20.5)	350 (14.9)	1.83 (1.41, 2.37)	1.27 (0.93, 1.72)	0.129
Rich	235 (46.8)	1462 (62.3)	1	1
Number of children
None	37 (7.4)	202 (8.6)	1	1
1–3	284 (56.6)	1350 (57.5)	0.92 (0.75, 1.13)	1.57 (1.04, 2.40)	0.033
≥4	181 (36.1)	794 (33.8)	1	1.91 (1.14, 3.20)	0.013
Respondent drinks alcohol
No	290 (57.8)	1302 (55.5)	1.10 (0.90, 1.33)	1.12 (0.82, 1.53)	0.484
Yes	212 (42.2)	1044 (44.5)	1	1
Respondent smokes cigarette
No	498 (99.2)	2333 (99.4)	0.69 (0.23, 2.14)	0.63 (0.19, 2.06)	0.445
Yes	4 (0.8)	13 (0.6)	1	1
Respondent chews Khat
No	460 (91.6)	2086 (88.9)	1.37 (0.97, 1.92)	1.51 (1.02, 2.23)	0.040
Yes	42 (8.4)	260 (11.1)	1	1
Media access
No	261 (52.0)	1013 (43.2)	1.43 (1.18, 1.73)	1.03 (0.81, 1.32)	0.816
Yes	241 (48.0)	1333 (56.8)	1	1
Respondent ever uses the Internet
No	484 (96.4)	2171 (92.5)	2.17 (1.32, 3.56)	1.37 (0.75, 2.49)	0.310
Yes	18 (3.6)	175 (7.5)	1	1

COR: crude odds ratio. AOR: adjusted odds ratio.