Relationship of Urinary Phthalate Metabolites with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress Markers in Children and Adolescents

Table 3

Participant’s demographic and behavioral characteristics.

	Girl	Boy	Total	-value
	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Age groups
6–11 years	28 (49.1)	17 (33.3)	45 (41.66)	0.098
12–18 years	29 (50.9)	34 (66.7)	63 (58.34)
Fathers’ education level
Illiterate	4 (7)	2 (3.9)	6 (5.55)	0.338
No college education	44 (77.2)	38 (74.5)	82 (75.9)
College education	9 (15.8)	11 (21.6)	20 (18.55)
Mothers’ education level
Illiterate	1 (1.8)	1 (2)	2 (1.85)	0.249
No college education	46 (80.7)	38 (70.6)	84 (77.77)
College education	10 (17.5)	14 (27.5)	24 (20.38)
Fathers’ job
Unemployed	10 (17.5)	6 (11.8)	16 (14.81)	0.585
Employed	10 (17.5)	10 (19.6)	20 (18.51)
Self-employment	37 (64.9)	35 (68.6)	72 (66.68)
Mothers’ job
Unemployed	46 (80.7)	48 (94.1)	94 (87)	0.034
Employed	7 (12.3)	3 (5.9)	10 (9.25)
Self-employment	4 (7)	—	4 (3.75)
Physical activity
Low	29 (50.9)	23 (45.1)	52 (48.14)	0.638
Moderate	19 (33.3)	20 (39.2)	39 (36.11)
High	9 (15.8)	8 (15.7)	17 (15.75)
Shower times per week
2 times	35 (61.4)	25 (49)	60 (55.5)	0.306
3 times	12 (21.1)	17 (33.3)	29 (26.85)
>4 times	10 (17.5)	9 (17.6)	19 (18)
Toy materials
Plastic	51 (89.5)	35 (68.6)	86 (79.62)	0.008
Metallic	6 (10.5)	16 (31.4)	22 (20.38)
Cosmetic consumption
Yes	51 (89.5)	46 (90.2)	97 (89.81))	0.902
No	6 (10.5)	5 (9.8)	11 (10.9)
Plastic packing use
Yes	36 (63.2)	28 (54.9)	64 (59.25)	0.386
No	21 (36.8)	23 (45.1)	44 (40.75)
Bottled beverage use
Low	45 (80.7)	38 (74.5)	83 (76.85)	0.415
Moderate	11 (19.3)	12 (23.5)	23 (21.29)
High	0	1 (20)	1 (1.86)