Heavy Metal Concentrations in Fish from River Tano in Ghana and the Health Risks Posed to Consumers

Table 3

Levels of heavy metals in the muscles of fish samples from River Tano.

Fish species	Heavy metal concentration ± SD (mg/kg)
	Cu	Pb	Cd	As	Hg	Cr	Zn
M. rume	<0.3	0.12 ± 0.06	0.03 ± 0.02	3.00 ± 0.01	1.01 ± 0.03	14.9 ± 0.02	9.91 ± 1.30
L. niloticus	<0.3	0.10 ± 0.01	0.01 ± 0.05	1.55 ± 0.10	1.1 ± 0.14	32.2 ± 14.3	11.7 ± 4.67
O. niloticus	<0.3	0.16 ± 0.05	<0.3	1.52 ± 0.70	0.58 ± 0.69	27.0 ± 36.6	10.8 ± 2.10
C. johnelsi	<0.3	0.08 ± 0.04	0.02 ± 0.10	2.17 ± 0.20	1.57 ± 2.0	33.0 ± 15.5	12.2 ± 8.01
C. gariepinus	<0.3	0.13 ± 0.03	0.01 ± 0.07	1.01 ± 0.08	1.00 ± 0.04	16.1 ± 2.40	10.8 ± 2.76
P. obscura	<0.3	0.04 ± 0.01	0.01 ± 0.01	1.57 ± 0.65	1.58 ± 0.74	17.9 ± 11.3	12.4 ± 3.38
S. melanotheron	<0.3	<0.5	0.01 ± 0.01	1.09 ± 0.17	2.07 ± 1.90	17.8 ± 0.07	8.42 ± 6.15
C. gariepinus	<0.3	0.01 ± 0.10	0.01 ± 0.06	2.61 ± 0.55	2.01 ± 1.40	40.4 ± 10.4	12.5 ± 2.17
S. galilaeus	<0.3	0.02 ± 0.01	<0.3	2.57 ± 0.82	2.02 ± 1.39	57.9 ± 4.2	12.5 ± 3.5
C. kingsleyae	<0.3	0.02 ± 0.04	<0.3	2.54 ± 0.69	2.52 ± 0.70	52.4 ± 20.4	10.1 ± 12.7