Toluene and Heavy Metals in Small Automotive Refinishing Shops and Personal Protection of the Workers in Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

Table 4

Levels of urinary hippuric acid classified according to the use of PPE.

PPE	Use	Number of workers	Urinary hippuric acid (g/g creatinine)^a
		(%)	(Mean ± SD)
Chemical-resistant gloves	Yes	1 (3.7)	0.31
	No	26 (96.3)	0.30 ± 0.30
Long pants and a long-sleeved shirt	Yes	5 (18.5)	0.27 ± 0.15
	No	20 (83.4)	0.35 ± 0.33

^aPostshift.