Research Article
Tobacco Use and Its Associated Factors among Undergraduate Public Health Students in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Table 5
Association of smoking with independent variables.
| | Variables | Smoking status | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | | Current smoker (%) | Not current smoker (%) |
| | Age | | >21 years | 48 (20.5) | 186 (79.5) | 2.1 (1.1–3.7) | 2.4 (1.0–5.4) | | ≤21 years (ref) | 17 (11.2) | 135 (88.8) | 1 | 1 |
| | Sex | | Male | 61(32.3) | 128 (67.7) | 22.9 (8.2–64.8) | 15.4 (4.9–47.8) | | Female (ref) | 4 (2.0) | 193 (98.0) | 1 | 1 |
| | Ethnicity | | Non-Brahmin/Chhetri | 34 (23.1) | 113 (76.9) | 2.0 (1.2–3.5) | 2.3 (1.2–4.4) | | Brahmin/Chhetri (ref) | 31 (13.0) | 208 (87.0) | 1 | 1 |
| | Family type | | Nuclear | 41 (15.0) | 232 (85.0) | 0.6 (0.4–1.1) | 0.7 (0.4–1.5) | | Joint/extended (ref) | 24 (21.2) | 89 (78.8) | 1 | 1 |
| | Permanent residence | | Rural | 41 (21.4) | 151 (78.6) | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) | 0.9 (0.4–1.8) | | Urban (ref) | 24 (12.4) | 170 (87.6) | | |
| | Current residence | | Staying without family | 27 (17.5) | 127 (82.5) | 1.1 (0.6–1.9) | 2.0 (1.1–5.0) | | Staying with family (ref) | 38 (16.4) | 194 (83.6) | 1 | 1 |
| | Academic year | | Higher year | 33 (15.1) | 185 (84.9) | 1.4 (0.76–2.5) | 0.8 (0.4–1.7) | | Lower year (ref) | 32 (19.0) | 136 (81.0) | 1 | 1 |
| | Parental history of tobacco use | | Yes | 38 (25.3) | 112 (74.7) | 2.6 (1.5–4.5) | 2.4 (1.3–5.0) | | No (ref) | 27 (11.4) | 209 (88.6) | 1 | 1 |
| | Friends with tobacco using habit | | Yes | 62 (26.6) | 171 (73.4) | 18.1 (5.6–58.9) | 7.9 (2.3–27.0) | | No (ref) | 3 (2.0) | 150 (98.0) | 1 | 1 |
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Note: = value less than 0.05. = value less than 0.001. |
