Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Resistance Genes in Isolates from Ghanaian Drinking Water Sources

Table 2

Primer sequences, PCR conditions, amplicon lengths for each ARG, and 16S rRNA gene.

Gene	Primer sequence (5-3)	PCR conditions	Amplicon length (bp)	Source
sul1	CGCACCGGAAACATCGCTGCAC	95°C for 2 m (98°C for 5 s, 69.9°C for 5 s) ×40 cycles	163	8
	TGAAGTTCCGCCGCAAGGCTCG
sul2	TCC GGT GGA GGC CGG TAT CTG G	95°C for 2 m (98°C for 5 s, 65°C for 5 s) ×40 cycles	191	8
	CGG GAA TGC CAT CTG CCT TGA G
tet(G)	GCAGAGCAGGTCGCTGG	98°C for 2 m (98°C for 5 s, 64°C for 5 s) ×40 cycles	134	9
	CCYGCAAGAGAAGCCAGAAG
ermF	CGACACAGCTTTGGTTGAAC; GGACCTACCTCATAGACAAG	95°C for 4 m (94°C for 30 s, 56°C for 30 s and 72°C for 30 s) ×40 cycles	309	10
tet(O)	ACGGARAGTTTATTGTATACC; TGGCGTATCTATAATGTTGAC	98°C for 2 m (98°C for 5 s, 50°C for 5 s) ×40 cycles	171	12
tet(W)	GAGAGCCTGCTATATGCCAGC; GGGCGTATCCACAATGTTAAC	98°C for 2 m (98°C for 5 s, 60°C for 5 s) ×40 cycles	168	12
blaNDM-1	TTTCAGTCCGACACAACGCG; CAGCCACCAAAAGCGATGTC; 6-FAM-CAACCGCGCCCAACTTTGGC-TAMRA	98°C for 15 m (98°C for 30 s, 59°C for 1 m) ×40 cycles	155	6
16S rRNA	CCTACGGGAGGCAGCAG; ATTACCGCGGCTGCTGG	95°C for 10 m (95°C for 15 s, 60°C for 1 m) ×40 cycles	202	14