Identifying the Impact of Industrial Agglomeration on China’s Carbon Emissions Based on the Spatial Econometric Analysis

Table 2

Results of unit root tests and VIF test.

Variable	LLC	IPS	ADF-Fisher	PP-Fisher	VIF
lnCE	−3.252	−1.359	115.609	442.049	‒
lnSA	−2.071	−2.265	89.938	89.611	1.15
lnDA	−3.849	−1.996	105.835	120.416	1.14
lnpgdp	−4.711	−1.441	78.727	471.883	5.75
lner	−7.095	−4.781	84.926	145.578	1.13
ur	−5.021	−1.695	165.565	173.195	6.34
lninf	−4.623	−7.749	95.827	170.943	1.44

, , and represent significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively.