Identifying the Impact of Industrial Agglomeration on China’s Carbon Emissions Based on the Spatial Econometric Analysis
Table 3
Non-spatial panel regression results of impact of SA and DA on carbon emissions.
Variable
FGLS
RE
FE
DIFF-GMM
SYS-GMM
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
L.lnCE
0.265
0.236
0.284
0.209
(0.123)
(0.135)
(0.087)
(0.127)
lnSA
0.126
0.601
0.815
0.604
0.232
(0.073)
(0.085)
(0.085)
(0.299)
(0.114)
lnDA
−0.038
−0.078
−0.097
−0.106
−0.144
(0.018)
(0.021)
(0.021)
(0.050)
(0.082)
lnpgdp
0.064
0.071
0.193
0.215
0.102
0.243
0.577
0.572
−0.295
0.388
(0.057)
(0.056)
(0.055)
(0.057)
(0.082)
(0.087)
(0.145)
(0.138)
(0.079)
(0.219)
lner
0.087
0.090
0.216
0.197
0.193
0.183
0.638
0.485
0.022
0.555
(0.058)
(0.058)
(0.059)
(0.061)
(0.053)
(0.057)
(0.188)
(0.184)
(0.069)
(0.140)
[lner]2
−0.002
−0.002
−0.020
−0.016
−0.018
−0.016
−0.089
−0.068
0.006
−0.078
(0.009)
(0.009)
(0.009)
(0.010)
(0.008)
(0.009)
(0.027)
(0.026)
(0.011)
(0.022)
ur
1.592
1.568
0.753
0.827
1.173
1.286
−2.227
−1.793
2.470
−0.464
(0.201)
(0.198)
(0.318)
(0.329)
(0.339)
(0.363)
(0.906)
(0.719)
(0.516)
(1.084)
lninf
0.283
0.289
0.313
0.323
0.266
0.350
0.068
0.042
0.355
0.352
(0.038)
(0.038)
(0.036)
(0.037)
(0.053)
(0.056)
(0.067)
(0.058)
(0.120)
(0.172)
R 2
0.656
0.652
0.767
0.744
0.802
0.773
AR(1)
AR(2)
Hansen
Obs
510
510
510
510
510
510
480
480
480
480
Standard errors are reported in parentheses. ,, and represent significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively. Symbol L. means a lag of one period (similarly hereinafter).
