Long-term work and living in a serious air pollution environment will increase the incidence rate and mortality risk of multiple organ diseases such as heart, brain, and lung disease. It can increase the hospitalization risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as heart failure, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke. The heavier the pollution and the longer the time exposed to it, the higher the risk of cardiovascular disease hospitalization.

However, whether air pollution directly or indirectly causes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and its mechanism are not clear. All personal protection strategies lack evidence that they reduce clinical cardiovascular events.

This Special Issue aims to collect original research and review articles that seek to define the cause-effect relationship between air pollution in cardiovascular/cerebrovascular diseases and the potential mechanism.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Cardiovascular effects of air pollution
• Risk of cardiometabolic diseases associated with air pollution
• Air pollution and atherosclerosis
• Subgroups susceptible to air pollution
• Strategies to reduce the cardiovascular effects of air pollution