How to Build a Patient-Specific Hybrid Simulator for Orthopaedic Open Surgery: Benefits and Limits of Mixed-Reality Using the Microsoft HoloLens

Figure 6

Examples of AR images captured during the simulated surgical procedure: (a) the mannequin, positioned on a surgical table and covered with a surgical drape to enhance the realism of simulation, and the virtual AR menu for the selection of the virtual anatomical components to be visualized; (b) the surgeon can visualize in AR mode the virtual anatomy before performing the surgical incision; (c) with the help of the virtual viewfinder, the surgeon can orient the surgical instrument, so that the acetabulum reaming can proceed in the direction of the planned implant.

(a)

(b)

(c)