Intelligent Control Wheelchair Using a New Visual Joystick

Table 3

Characteristics of patients.

Characteristics	Patient I	Patient II	Patient III
Sex, age, mass (kg)	Female, 24, 60	Male, 15, 54	Male, 16, 45
Diagnosis	Cerebral palsy	Posttraumatic tetraplegia	Cerebral palsy
Motor disability and clinical symptoms	Spastic tetraplegia	Spastic tetraplegia C5	Dyskinetic tetraplegia
Handedness	Right-handed	Left-handed	Right-handed
Functional level	GMFCS: V; FIM: 86	FIM: 82	GMFCS: V; FIM: 89
Powered wheelchair driver	None	None	None

The functional level of the GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System) contains five different levels (I–V) for children and young people with cerebral palsy. It is helpful because it provides families and clinicians the clear description of a child’s current motor function. In addition, it gives an idea about what equipment or mobility assistance a child may need in the future, for example, crutches, walking frames, or wheelchairs.