High Tibial Osteotomy: Review of Techniques and Biomechanics

Table 2

Comparison of the clinical results between open-wedge (OWHTO) and closed-wedge (CWHTO).

Year	Papers	Patients		OWHTO	CWHTO
		OW	CW
2014	Duivenvoorden et al. [50]	45	47	More complications	More early conversions to total knee arthroplasty with six years
2014	Van Egmond [51]	25	25	Patella baja leads to patellofemoral complaints and worse results	Better satisfactory and score with an average of 7.9 years
2014	Deie et al. [52]	9	12	Reduced knee varus moment and lateral thrust	Little effect on reducing lateral thrust
2015	Duivenvoorden et al. [53]	112	354	Higher survival ratio, 15% serious adverse events, 13% adverse events	13% serious adverse events, 6% adverse events
2016	Sun et al. [19]	740	743	Increased the posterior slope angle and limb length; decreased the patellar height; higher accuracy of correction	Higher incidence of opposite cortical fracture
2017	Wu et al. [54]	1274	1308	Wider range of motion; greater posterior tibial slope angle; lesser patellar height	No significant difference in HKA and mean angle of correction
2018	Lee et al. [55]	127	175	The increase in leg length had a positive correlation with the degree of correction	The decrease in leg length was negligible