Evaluating the Intention and Behaviour of Private Sector Participation in Healthcare Service Delivery via Public-Private Partnership: Evidence from China

Table 1

Representative types for private sector investment in CHM via PPP.

Types of PPP in the healthcare field	Features	Categories of private sector	Empirical examples
BOT	This type has the widest scope of contract. In practice, the partnership concentrates on the construction of healthcare services without depth in management and operational stages.	(1) Construction companies; (2) Real estate developers	(1) Jinan Zhangqiu North Medical Comprehensive Service Center; (2) Xingyang People’s Hospital; (3) Kunming Children’s Hospital
TOT	This type is generally applied in existing medical services. Private sector undertakes all business management aspects (drug and medical equipment supply, supermarket, canteen, and property), except core medical care (clinical work).	(1) Pharmaceutical companies; (2) Private hospitals; (3)Asset management companies	(1) Tongliao Zhongmeng Hospital; (2) Nantong Rudong TCM Hospital
ROT	This type is also known as invest-operate-transfer (IOT). Private sector rebuilds and upgrades several equipment based on TOT.	(1) Medical industry property investment companies; (2) Construction companies	(1) Shenyang Fifth People’s Hospital; (2) Hainan Ledong second People’s Hospital
O&M	Governments remain the owner of public hospital and outsource nonclinical work (daily operation and management) to the private sector.	(1) Private hospitals; (2)Medical industry property investment companies	(1) Beijing Mentougou Hospital; (2) Qiannan Huishui Grade-A Tertiary Hospital