Comparative Analysis of Cutting Forces, Torques, and Vibration in Drilling of Bovine, Porcine, and Artificial Femur Bone with Considerations for Robot Effector Stiffness

Figure 9

Typical vibration data for drilling at a spindle speed of 1000 rev/min to 1500 rev/min for bovine, porcine, and artificial femur, respectively. (a) Torque at 1000 rpm vs. time. (b) Torque at 1500 rev/min vs. time.

(a)

(b)