[Retracted] The Effect of Introducing Infographic Pattern on Developing Cognitive Understanding by Using AI Technology for University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Table 11

Calculated t-values for mean score differences between the two experimental groups in the willingness to learn scale after application.

Group	N	Means	Standard deviation	Degree of freedom	Calculated t-value	Significance level
First experimental group (AI-supported static infographic)	30	43.6	2.4	58	3.6	Significant at the 0.05 level
Second experimental group (AI-supported animated infographic)	30	48.1	4.7