[Retracted] The Effect of Introducing Infographic Pattern on Developing Cognitive Understanding by Using AI Technology for University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Table 4

Calculated t-values for mean score differences between the two experimental groups in the visual thinking test before application.

Group	N	Means	Standard deviation	Standard error	Degree of freedom	Calculated t-value	Significance level
First experimental group (AI-supported static infographic)	30	20.1	5.9	1.06	58	0.343	Nonsignificant
Second experimental group (AI-supported animated infographic)	30	20.63	6.3	1.15