[Retracted] The Effect of Introducing Infographic Pattern on Developing Cognitive Understanding by Using AI Technology for University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Table 7

Calculated t-values for mean score differences between the two experimental groups in the visual thinking test both before and after application.

Measurement type	N	Means	Standard deviation	Standard error	Degree of freedom	Calculated t-value	Significance level
Preapplication	60	11.800	1.387	0.179	59	23.98	Significant at the 0.05 level
Postapplication		24.416	4.013	4.014