Validity and Reliability of Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires for Assessing Nutrient Intake among Preschool Children in Northwest China

Table 1

Description of the food items included in the food categories and consumption rate of preschool children.

Food categories	Food name	Consumption times^a	Consumption rate^b (%)
Cereals and cereal products	Rice, millet, black rice, noodles, steamed buns/cakes, rice porridge, etc.	533	98.52
Stuffing food	Stuffed bun, wonton/dumpling, etc.	312	57.67
Sweet food	Bread/cake/biscuits, etc.	387	71.53
Deep-fried food	Deep-fried dough sticks/oil cakes, etc.	256	47.32
Livestock meat	Pork/pork chops, beef, lamb, etc.	526	97.23
Poultry meat	Chicken, duck, goose meat, etc.	246	45.47
Aquatic products	Fish, shrimp, and other seafood.	209	38.63
Animal organs	Animal liver, animal blood clot, etc.	189	34.94
Milk and products	Milk, yogurt, soy milk, etc.	498	92.05
Eggs and products	Eggs, duck eggs, quail eggs, etc.	412	76.16
Soy products	Tofu, tofu shreds, dried tofu, soy milk, etc.	243	44.92
Pome fruits	Pome fruit such as apple/pear/papaya.	234	43.25
Stone fruit	Peach/plum/apricot/cherry and other stone fruits.	207	38.26
Berry fruits	Berry fruits such as grape/strawberry/pomegranate.	178	32.90
Citrus fruits	Orange/grapefruit and other citrus fruits.	161	29.76
Dark leafy vegetables	Spinach, lettuce, celery (stalks), rape, garland chrysanthemum, coriander, cabbage, and other dark vegetables.	478	88.35
Light leafy vegetables	Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, bean sprouts, and other light leafy vegetables.	268	49.54
Fruit vegetables	Potatoes, lotus roots, white radishes, cucumbers, garlic sprouts, tomatoes, eggplants, carrots, zucchini, and other vegetables.	218	40.30
Mushrooms and seaweeds	Mushroom, seaweed, black fungus, etc.	226	45.29
Beverages	Carbonated drinks, fruit juices, and other sugary drinks.	213	43.81

a: consumption times mean the respective consumption times of every single type of nutrient for every child within a month, and b: consumption rate means the total consumption ratio of the food in all survey subjects.