Kidney Tumor Detection and Classification Based on Deep Learning Approaches: A New Dataset in CT Scans

Table 12

Models parameter.

Parameter	Value
Step_Per_Epoch	Training images/batch size
Epochs	VGG16: 44, ResNet50: 25, CNN’s: 50
Validation steps	Validation images/batch size
Loss	Binary cross entropy
Optimizer	Adam, SGD
Activation function	ReLu, Sigmoid, Softmax
Learning rate	0.001
Batch size	32
Input neuron	32 shape of 224 × 224
Hidden neuron	128
Output neuron	2