Research Article
Influences of Heider Balance on Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Quality of Life in Bladder Cancer Patients after Urinary Diversion
Table 3
Comparisons of quality of life between the two groups (
).
| Domain | Before discharge | At 6 months after discharge | Observation group (n = 85) | Control group (n = 85) | t | | Observation group (n = 85) | Control group (n = 85) | t | |
| Physical health | Pain and discomfort | 13.99 ± 3.04 | 13.72 ± 3.20 | 0.565 | 0.573 | 11.55 ± 2.88 | 12.22 ± 2.72 | 1.561 | 0.120 | Energy and fatigue | 13.12 ± 2.95 | 13.28 ± 2.15 | 0.415 | 0.678 | 15.26 ± 2.84 | 14.25 ± 2.04 | 2.666 | 0.008 | Sleep and rest | 12.92 ± 3.12 | 12.13 ± 3.26 | 1.611 | 0.109 | 14.94 ± 2.05 | 13.95 ± 2.89 | 2.571 | 0.011 | Psychological | Positive feelings | 10.13 ± 2.83 | 9.84 ± 2.44 | 0.725 | 0.469 | 14.41 ± 3.09 | 13.00 ± 3.12 | 2.961 | 0.004 | Thinking, learning, memory and concentration | 13.56 ± 3.14 | 13.24 ± 3.32 | 0.665 | 0.507 | 14.61 ± 2.41 | 13.11 ± 3.22 | 3.453 | 0.001 | Self-esteem | 12.32 ± 3.25 | 12.56 ± 3.01 | 0.514 | 0.608 | 14.15 ± 2.00 | 12.71 ± 2.39 | 4.279 | <0.001 | Body image and appearance | 9.11 ± 1.51 | 8.73 ± 1.56 | 1.597 | 0.112 | 13.85 ± 3.28 | 12.35 ± 3.72 | 2.781 | 0.006 | Negative feelings | 13.80 ± 3.31 | 13.87 ± 2.99 | 0.146 | 0.884 | 11.79 ± 2.42 | 13.31 ± 2.81 | 3.775 | <0.001 | Independence level | Mobility | 10.81 ± 2.78 | 10.78 ± 2.11 | 0.093 | 0.926 | 13.89 ± 2.83 | 12.01 ± 2.24 | 4.807 | <0.001 | Activities of daily living | 11.84 ± 2.53 | 12.36 ± 2.79 | 1.295 | 0.197 | 15.00 ± 3.20 | 12.38 ± 2.62 | 5.850 | <0.001 | Dependence on medical support | 15.24 ± 2.92 | 14.48 ± 3.11 | 1.626 | 0.106 | 11.66 ± 2.78 | 13.60 ± 3.24 | 4.194 | <0.001 | Work capacity | 12.09 ± 2.65 | 12.41 ± 2.81 | 0.758 | 0.450 | 11.75 ± 3.04 | 12.36 ± 3.37 | 1.243 | 0.216 | Social relations | Personal relationships | 13.91 ± 2.84 | 13.76 ± 3.12 | 0.309 | 0.758 | 16.52 ± 2.10 | 15.36 ± 2.41 | 3.324 | 0.001 | Social support | 13.55 ± 3.15 | 13.75 ± 3.31 | 0.404 | 0.687 | 16.78 ± 2.36 | 15.14 ± 3.09 | 3.873 | <0.001 | Sexual activity | 12.87 ± 2.96 | 13.38 ± 2.69 | 1.165 | 0.246 | 9.01 ± 2.40 | 9.52 ± 2.76 | 1.274 | 0.205 | Environment | Physical safety and security | 12.81 ± 2.64 | 13.04 ± 2.47 | 0.570 | 0.570 | 12.05 ± 3.33 | 11.74 ± 3.39 | 0.593 | 0.554 | Home environment | 12.34 ± 2.83 | 12.28 ± 2.82 | 0.136 | 0.892 | 12.28 ± 2.80 | 12.80 ± 2.95 | 1.174 | 0.242 | Financial resources | 13.71 ± 3.14 | 13.07 ± 3.17 | 1.313 | 0.191 | 13.61 ± 2.95 | 12.94 ± 3.17 | 1.429 | 0.155 | Health and social care: availability and quality | 11.99 ± 3.50 | 12.12 ± 3.19 | 0.252 | 0.801 | 14.08 ± 2.80 | 11.73 ± 3.18 | 5.118 | <0.001 | Opportunities to get new information/skills | 9.93 ± 2.59 | 10.35 ± 2.97 | 0.989 | 0.324 | 10.93 ± 3.07 | 12.54 ± 3.40 | 3.244 | 0.001 | Opportunities for recreation and leisure | 11.60 ± 3.29 | 12.47 ± 3.62 | 1.640 | 0.103 | 12.36 ± 3.00 | 13.86 ± 3.57 | 2.956 | 0.004 | Physical environment | 10.87 ± 3.17 | 11.38 ± 3.00 | 1.068 | 0.287 | 12.45 ± 3.39 | 12.09 ± 3.04 | 0.714 | 0.476 | Transportation | 10.05 ± 3.02 | 9.93 ± 2.69 | 0.269 | 0.789 | 10.12 ± 2.89 | 10.36 ± 3.63 | 0.491 | 0.624 | Spiritual aspects/spirituality/religion/personal beliefs | 15.48 ± 2.75 | 15.54 ± 3.22 | 0.128 | 0.898 | 15.61 ± 2.79 | 15.99 ± 2.64 | 0.903 | 0.368 | Quality of life from viewpoint | 11.25 ± 3.74 | 10.94 ± 2.97 | 0.590 | 0.556 | 14.59 ± 2.95 | 12.39 ± 3.80 | 4.218 | <0.001 |
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