Effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Patients with Discogenic Lumbar Radiculopathy: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Table 5
Median values (25% and 75% percentiles) and paired sample statistics of measured outcomes.
Outcomes
Group A
Wilcoxon signed-rank test score
Effect size
Group B
Wilcoxon signed-rank test score
Effect size
Pretherapy
Posttherapy
Z-score
Asymp. sig. (two-tailed)
d
Pretherapy
Posttherapy
Z-score
Asymp. sig. (two-tailed)
d
VAS
7 (6; 8)
1 (0; 2)
−6.457
0.000
3.49
7 (6; 8)
2 (2; 3)
−6.515
0.000
3.69
ODI
32 (29; 35)
17 (16; 19)
−6.457
0.000
3.39
33 (28; 37)
21 (20; 25)
−6.462
0.000
3.14
LFLEX∗
32 (29; 36)
47 (44; 49)
−6.461
0.000
3.11
33 (30; 37)
43 (42; 45)
−6.456
0.000
2.52
LEXT∗
12 (9; 13)
18 (17; 20)
−6.46
0.000
2.51
11 (8; 13)
13 (11; 14)
−4.166
0.000
0.69
d: Ccohen effect size: d < 0.2, small; 0.2 < d < 0.8, medium; and d > 0.8, large. LFLEX = lumbar flexion range of motion. LEXT = lumbar extension range of motion.
