Research Article
Butorphanol as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine for Adductor Canal Blocks in Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients: A Randomized, Double, Blind Study
Table 3
Postoperative knee functional rehabilitation.
| | Group R (n = 35) | Group BR (n = 35) | -value |
| Quadriceps strength | 8 h | 3.0 (3.0, 3.0) | 3.0 (3.0, 4.0) | 0.358 | 12 h | 3.0 (3.0, 4.0) | 4.0 (3.0, 4.0) | 0.435 | 24 h | 5.0 (4.0, 5.0) | 5.0 (4.0, 5.0) | 0.223 | 48 h | 5.0 (5.0, 5.0) | 5.0 (5.0, 5.0) | 0.090 | Knee ROM (degrees) | 8 h | 59.21 ± 6.41 | 68.37 ± 4.70 | 0.001 | 12 h | 74.37 ± 4.68 | 85.67 ± 5.17 | 0.001 | 24 h | 84.18 ± 4.49 | 97.62 ± 5.43 | 0.001 | 48 h | 104.65 ± 6.01 | 106.45 ± 4.54 | 0.160 | Time to first mobilization (h) | 17.01 ± 4.83 | 16.20 ± 4.06 | 0.440 | KSS function score at discharge | 33.4 ± 4.7 | 34.6 ± 4.3 | 0.271 | Postoperative hospital stay (h) | 70.80 ± 11.56 | 72.09 ± 10.13 | 0.619 |
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Note. Values are expressed as a mean ± SD or median (IQR). Abbreviations: ROM, range of motion; KSS, Knee Society Score.
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