Butorphanol as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine for Adductor Canal Blocks in Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients: A Randomized, Double, Blind Study

Table 3

Postoperative knee functional rehabilitation.

	Group R (n = 35)	Group BR (n = 35)	-value
Quadriceps strength
8 h	3.0 (3.0, 3.0)	3.0 (3.0, 4.0)	0.358
12 h	3.0 (3.0, 4.0)	4.0 (3.0, 4.0)	0.435
24 h	5.0 (4.0, 5.0)	5.0 (4.0, 5.0)	0.223
48 h	5.0 (5.0, 5.0)	5.0 (5.0, 5.0)	0.090
Knee ROM (degrees)
8 h	59.21 ± 6.41	68.37 ± 4.70	0.001
12 h	74.37 ± 4.68	85.67 ± 5.17	0.001
24 h	84.18 ± 4.49	97.62 ± 5.43	0.001
48 h	104.65 ± 6.01	106.45 ± 4.54	0.160
Time to first mobilization (h)	17.01 ± 4.83	16.20 ± 4.06	0.440
KSS function score at discharge	33.4 ± 4.7	34.6 ± 4.3	0.271
Postoperative hospital stay (h)	70.80 ± 11.56	72.09 ± 10.13	0.619

Note. Values are expressed as a mean ± SD or median (IQR). Abbreviations: ROM, range of motion; KSS, Knee Society Score.