Nodal Enhances Perineural Invasion in Pancreatic Cancer by Promoting Tumor-Nerve Convergence

Figure 5

Nodal is highly expressed in the pancreatic cancer microenvironment, promotes the invasion ability of tumor cells, and enhances the tendency of chemotactic infiltration to nerves in the process of PNI. Activating Nodal signaling could increase neurotrophic factor expression in cancer cells and promote nerve growth and chemotaxis to cancer cells.