Tumor Antigen-Dependent and Tumor Antigen-Independent Activation of Antitumor Activity in T Cells by a Bispecific Antibody-Modified Tumor Vaccine
Figure 2
Reactivation of tumor-reactive memory T cells of cancer patients (here HNO cancer patients) by the ATV-NDV tumor vaccine of the 2nd generation. (A) Protocol for the ex vivo stimulation of T cells from cancer patients by the NDV-based tumor vaccine of the second generation in an autologous setting. Purified T cells isolated from tumor-draining lymph nodes (LN) of HNSCC patients were tested for their capacity to be restimulated and to produce IFN-γ upon contact with various combination of the ATV-NDV tumor vaccine (generated from the autologous tumor) and bsAbs molecules. For that, they were coincubated for 40 hours with the indicated autologous vaccine formulations (tumor) (). For specificity control, the unrelated human promonocytic tumor cell line U937 (U937) was modified identically and used to reactivate the patients’ T cells. (B) IFN-γ ELISPOT results from A. Mean: mean number from triplicates of 4 patients spot forming T cells per 1 million cells. Each patient’s T cells were stimulated with four different formulations of either autologous (a–d) or heterologous (e–h) vaccine. T cells of patients no. 2, no. 3, and no. 4 also did not react to the heterologous vaccine (data not shown) (adapted from [42]).
