Immunotherapy Using Dendritic Cells against Multiple Myeloma: How to Improve?

Figure 3

Generation of DC-based vaccines from patients with MM. Isolated monocytes from peripheral blood of patients are cultured with GM-CSF and IL-4 to produce immature DCs. Immature DCs were matured with α-polarizing cytokines cocktail to generate α-type 1-polarized DCs and were loaded with apoptotic bodies from myeloma cells or myeloma cell line which were induced in the presence of bortezomib and JSI-124. Tumor antigens-loaded DCs were then injected into patients in combination with either cyclophosphamide or lenalidomide to induce strong immune responses against the tumor.