Hamster and Murine Models of Severe Destructive Lyme Arthritis

Table 1

Hamster and murine models important for evaluation of the pathogenesis of severe destructive Lyme arthritis.

Model	B. burgdorferi strains	Timing of arthritogen delivery	Result	Comments	Reference(s)
Immunocompetent hamster (challenge)	Numerous^a	Can vary	Synovitis	Studying innate responses	[18]
Immunocompetent mouse (challenge)	Numerous^a	Can vary	Synovitis	Studying innate responses	[38–42]
Irradiated hamster (challenge)	Numerous^a	Following 550 rads gamma radiation	SDLA^b	Insight into cellular components responsible for SDLA	[18, 19]
Irradiated mouse (challenge)	297	Following 550 rads gamma radiation	SDLA	Insight into cellular components responsible for SDLA	Stated in this publication
SCID mouse (challenge)	Numerous	Can vary	SDLA	Insight into cellular components responsible for SDLA	[44–46]
Immunocompetent hamster (vaccination/challenge)	Numerous^c	Challenge prior to development of significant borreliacidal antibody titer (homologous challenge)^d; timing of heterologous strain challenge can vary	SDLA	Insight into adoptive cellular components responsible for SDLA in an immunocompetent host	[20, 30–34]
Immunocompetent mouse (vaccination/challenge)	297	Challenge following 21 days of vaccination	SDLA	Elucidating adoptive immunological pathways of SDLA in an immunocompetent host	[49]
In vitro murine IFN-γ neutralization	297	Lymph node cells pulsed in vitro	SDLA	Addition of IFN-γ to lymph node cells prior to in vitro B. burgdorferi pulse; footpad challenge of naïve mice following cell culture transfer; Assessment of arthritogenic potential of B. burgdorferi immunogens	[50]
IFN-γ-deficient mouse (vaccination/challenge)	297	Challenge following 21 days of vaccination	SDLA	Elucidating immunological pathways of SDLA	[51–53]

^aReferenced study(ies) focused on B. burgdorferi sensu stricto isolate 297.
^bSevere destructive Lyme arthritis.
^cReferenced study(ies) focused on B. bissettii vaccination with subsequent B. burgdorferi sensu stricto isolate 297 challenge.
^dAt least six seroprotective groups have been characterized ([27–29]).