Follicular Proinflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines as Markers of IVF Success

Table 3

Biomarkers in the follicular fluid of patient groups.

	Male factor infertility (𝑁=67)^a	Tubal factor infertility (𝑁=44)	Polycystic ovary syndrome (𝑁=8)	Endometriosis (𝑁=23)	Unexplained infertility (𝑁=7)	Other reasons (𝑁=4)	Total; (𝑁=153)
Biomarkers (pg/mL)^†
G-CSF	82.5 (0–2464.0)	48.1 (0–4986.0)	104.1 (0–3156.0)	122.2 (0–4809.0)	118.5 (0–463.4)	23.7 (0–341.6)	89.7 (0–4986.0)
IL-1β	0 (0–236.8)	0 (0–53.6)	0 (0–29.0)	0 (0–110.3)	0 (0-0)	0 (0–143.1)	0 (0–236.8)
IL-6	0 (0–18.7)	0 (0–10.7)	0 (0–16.2)	0 (0–37.2)	0 (0-0)	0 (0–8.4)	0 (0–37.2)
IL-12p70	0 (0–24.9)	0 (0–6.1)	0 (0–8.1)	0 (0–21.0)	0 (0-0)^b	0 (0–8.1)	0 (0–24.9)
IL-18	311.0 (0–722.0)	290.2 (0–812.5)	463.4 (0–648.5)	283.3 (44.6–874.3)	199.1 (0–255.5)^b	310.9 (110.8–767.0)	297.2 (0–874.3)
IL-23	282.3 (0–1069.0)	208.7 (0–1280.0)	237.4 (0–746.4)	388.8 (0–1160.0)	408.5 (0–557.8)	120.3 (0–260.3)	260.3 (0–1280.0)
IFN-α	0 (0–150.7)	0 (0–107.6)	0 (0–93.5)	0 (0–114.2)	0 (0-0)	0 (0–161.9)	0 (0–161.9)
IFN-γ	0 (0–111.2)	0 (0–74.5)	0 (0–60.4)	0 (0–111.2)	0 (0-0)	9.5 (0–147.5)	9.5 (0–147.5)
TNF-α	0 (0–30.7)	0 (0–10.8)	0 (0–5.3)	0 (0–21.0)	0 (0-0)	0 (0–58.8)	0 (0–58.8)
IL-8	307.3 (119.4–4857.0)	367.2 (117.4–1117.0)^b	417.6 (236.9–1032.0)	473.6; (172.8– 1879.0)^b	424.3 (343.8–1472.0)	416.2 (172.8–2851.0)	371.2 (117.4–4857.0)
MCP-1	1019.0 (594.2–2046.0)	1054.0 (416.1–2564.0)	1067.0 (656.4–1572.0)	1033.0 (373.8–2780.0)	992.9 (818.1–1265.0)	801.7 (198.4–1598.0)^b	1016.0 (198.4–2780.0)
MIP-1α	143.6 (0–5766.0)	80.6 (0–15990.0)	555.8 (0–19840.0)	227.6 (0–18230.0)	52.3 (0–3383.0)	136.3 (0–1788.0)	130.8 (0–19840.0)
MIP-1β	52.3 (6.0–1254.0)	48.2 (11.5–433.2)	38.7 (17.59–96.4)	51.7 (17.1–120.9)	40.7 (36.8–64.5)	63.5 (25.7–967.0)	48.4 (6.0–1254.0)
RANTES	97.4 (0–705.1)	97.4 (0–908.3)	50.1 (0–189.3)	146.6 (0–438.8)	77.4 (12.2–182.7)	74.1 (2.6–1428.0)	97.4 (0–1428.0)
sAPO-1/Fas	129.0 (0–564.2)	169.4 (0–9589.0)	152.1 (0–4469.0)	94.9 (0–520.4)	96.8 (64.3–292.5)	98.8 (0–226.8)	129.0 (0–9589.0)
CD44(var6)	8426.0 (5063.0–14030.0)	8554.0 (5348.0–20610.0)	10750.0 (6394.0–12130.0)^b	8219.0 (5535.0–11770.0)	6619.0 (5168.0–9348.0)^b	6836.0 (5611.0–10200.0)	8219.0 (5063.0–20610.0)

^† Concentrations are provided as medians (minimum – maximum value). Differences between study groups: ^aReference group; ^bMann-Whitney 𝑈-test, 𝑃<0.05. Associations between different parameters assessed by adjusted regression models are provided in the text.