Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Fetoplacental Tissues from Preeclamptic Pregnancies with or without Fetal Growth Restriction
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of control and pathological pregnancies.
Controls
PE-AGA
PE-FGR
value a
Number of patients
8
10
10
Maternal age at delivery (years), mean (SD)
32.8 (4.3)
34.5 (3.8)
32.5 (5.3)
n.s.
Nulliparae, number and %
7* (87.5)
5* (50)
8 (80)
*0.041
Smoking mothers, number and %
0° (0)
2 (20)
5° (50)
°0.036
Prepregnancy BMI (Kg/m2), mean (SD)
21.4 (2.5)
24.2 (6.1)
24.4 (4.7)
n.s.
Gestational age at delivery (weeks), mean (SD)
37.5*° (3.2)
30.6* (2.6)
30.0° (2.5)
*°<0.001
Neonatal birth weight (g), mean (SD)
3254*° (439)
(309)
(277)
*°<0.001; 0.048
Neonatal weight Z-score, mean (SD)
0.26*° (0.95)
(0.30)
(0.58)
*0.018; °<0.001; 0.004
Placental weight (g), mean (SD)
541° (81)
(203)
(58)
°<0.001; 0.021
Placental weight/neonatal weight ratio, mean (SD)
0.17* (0.01)
0.31* (0.13)
0.23 (0.10)
*0.018
Gestational age at onset of PE (weeks), mean (SD)
n.a.
29.3 (3.1)
28.5 (3.1)
n.s.
Blood pressure (mmHg), mean (SD):
Systolic
110.9*° (9.4)
158.4* (6.6)
150.0° (18.9)
*°<0.001
Diastolic
71.8*° (7.5)
96.4* (9.5)
93.9° (9.8)
*°<0.001
Proteinuria, number and %:
*°
<1 g/24 h
0 (0)
0 (0)
5 (50)
<5 g/24 h
0 (0)
7 (70)
3 (30)
*°<0.001; 0.033
≥5 g/24 h
0 (0)
3 (30)
2 (20)
Umbilical arterial mean pulsatility index, mean (SD)
n.a.
1.10 (0.17)
2.03 (0.32)
<0.001
Uterine arterial mean resistance index, mean (SD)
n.a.
0.67 (0.07)
0.76 (0.05)
0.021
Patients receiving, number and %:
Corticosteroids
1*° (12.5)
9* (90)
10° (100)
*<0.001; °0.003
Antihypertensives
0*° (0)
10* (100)
10° (100)
*°<0.001
Antibiotics
2 (25.0)
2 (20)
0 (0)
n.s.
PE: preeclampsia. PE AGA: preeclamptic pregnancies with appropriate-for-gestational-age newborns. PE-FGR: preeclamptic pregnancies with fetal growth restriction. BMI: body mass index. n.s.: not significant. n.a.: not available.
a values were calculated by ANOVA test, followed by Tamhane test for pairwise comparison, or by chi-squared test ().
*Comparison between Controls and PE-AGA group.
°Comparison between Controls and PE-FGR group. Comparison between PE-AGA and PE-FGR groups.
