Nonprofessional Phagocytosis Can Facilitate Herpesvirus Entry into Ocular Cells
Figure 2
Herpesviruses can be internalized by membrane protrusions and blocking of protrusion formation blocks herpesvirus entry. (a)–(c) High-resolution transmission electron micrographs (TEMs) of human ocular cells infected with herpesviruses are shown. Arrowheads in the panels indicate the association of viruses to cellular projections. (d)–(f) F-actin-dependent uptake of herpesviruses into ocular cells. Effects of actin depolymerizers (cytochalasin D; Cyto D and latrunculin b; Lat B) on virus entry into ocular cells (CF (d) for HSV-1, RPE cells for CMV (e), and HCjE for HHV-8 (f)) were examined. Cells were treated with Cyto D or Lat B at concentrations indicated for 90 min before exposure to the virus indicated. Asterisks indicate significant differences from controls (, t-test , error bars represent SD).
